US Dash Cam Laws By State 2024: Laws and Regulations

When it comes down to it, the best dash cams for fleets should help keep your drivers safe. But you want to make sure the way you use them is in line with your state’s laws so you can avoid fines you don’t deserve.

The benefits of dash cams are numerous, but there’s also a cloud of confusion surrounding their legality: where can they be placed? Under what circumstances do they flout privacy laws? And are they even legal in the first place?

As the law differs state-by-state, we take you through every state and explain what the law says about dash cams there. And keep reading for our handy summary of US laws and our answers to the burning questions you’re asking about using dash cams legally.

Are dash cams legal in the US?

Yes, dash cams are legal in the US. However, there are restrictions regarding installation and placement which vary from state to state. The most common restriction is that the dash cam cannot obstruct the driver’s vision through the windshield.

Due to this state-by-state variation, however, it’s worth brushing up on your state’s specific rules, as well as which dash cam fixtures are legal in your state. This will help you avoid any run-ins with the law.

Dash Cam Laws By State

Alabama

Don’t obstruct the windshield, get consent before recording video on private property

In Alabama, it is perfectly legal to use dash cams. But there are a few rules to be aware of:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams must not obstruct the driver’s view through the windshield. Consider mounting devices on the dashboard or another unobtrusive location within the vehicle to comply with this law.

• Footage recording: It is legal to record video footage in public spaces, but recording on private property (e.g., customer sites or delivery areas) without permission may violate privacy laws. Always obtain consent before recording in such areas.

• Audio recording: Alabama is a one-party consent state for audio recordings. This means fleet managers or drivers can record conversations as long as one party involved (such as the driver) consents. However, it is strongly recommended to inform all passengers (employees, customers, or contractors) of audio recording policies to maintain transparency and avoid potential disputes.

Alaska

Don’t obstruct the windshield, buy devices that are the right size

In Alaska, fleet businesses can use dash cams legally to monitor vehicles and drivers, but you must follow specific rules for device placement and consent:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams must not obscure the driver’s view through the windshield.
  • If mounted on the driver’s side, the device must be no larger than five square inches. Alternatively, it must be no larger than seven square inches if mounted on the passenger side.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage in public spaces is allowed. However, if your fleet operates on private property, such as during deliveries, obtain permission before recording to avoid privacy violations.

• Audio recording: Alaska is a one-party consent state for audio recordings. This means that as long as the driver or another participant consents, it is legal to record conversations. However, we always recommend fleet businesses inform all passengers, including employees or clients, about audio recordings for transparency and trust.

Arizona

Buy devices that are the right size and mount them in the right place

In Arizona, fleet businesses can use dash cams to enhance safety and monitor vehicles, provided specific placement and consent rules are followed:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams must not obstruct the driver’s view through the windshield.
  • On the driver’s side, the device must be mounted in the lower corner and be no larger than five square inches.
  • On the passenger side, it must also be in the lower corner and no larger than seven square inches.
  • Alternatively, consider dashboard mounting for unrestricted visibility.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage is legal in Arizona’s public spaces. However, fleet managers should check that video recording on private property, such as delivery locations, complies with property owner requirements.

• Audio recording: Arizona is a one-party consent state for audio recordings. As long as one party in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents, recording is legal. Nonetheless, informing all passengers about audio recording is highly recommended for transparency and ethical compliance.

Arkansas

Avoid windshield obstruction and prioritize proper placement

Fleet businesses operating in Arkansas can legally use dash cams, but specific placement rules must be followed to ensure safety and compliance:

• Windshield mounting: It is illegal to obstruct the windshield with non-transparent objects, including dash cams. Dash cams cannot be mounted on the windshield, sidewings, or side or rear windows. Instead:
  • Mount dash cams on the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror where they do not impede the driver’s view.
• Footage recording: Video recording is legal in Arkansas’ public spaces and can be a valuable tool for fleet safety and accountability. However, when operating on private property, such as during deliveries, make sure you get proper authorization.

• Audio recording: Arkansas is a one-party consent state for audio recordings. This means a driver or fleet manager may record conversations if one party consents. For best practices, notify all passengers (employees, customers, or contractors) of audio recordings to maintain transparency and trust.

California

Buy cams that are the right size and mount them in the right place, get consent before recording audio

Dash cams have been legal in California since 2011. But there are some rules to comply with:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams must adhere to size and placement restrictions to avoid obstructing the driver’s view:
  • If mounted in the upper center of the windshield, the device can take up no more than five square inches.
  • If mounted in the lower right corner, the device can take up no more than seven square inches.
  • For commercial vehicles, dash cams must be mounted no more than two inches beneath the upper edge of the area covered by the windshield wipers and outside the driver’s direct line of sight.
• Footage recording: Dash cams in California should only record footage related to incidents, specifically 30 seconds before and after an accident, to comply with state regulations.

• Audio recording: California is an all-party consent state, meaning you must obtain consent from everyone in the vehicle, including employees and customers, before recording audio.
  • Fleet businesses are required to place a sticker or notice inside vehicles informing occupants that audio and video recordings are in progress.

Colorado

Don’t obstruct the windshield, don’t distract other drivers

In Colorado, it’s perfectly legal to use dash cams. However:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams must not obstruct the driver’s view of the road.
  • A good practice is to mount the device behind the rearview mirror, ensuring it remains out of the driver’s direct line of sight.
• Glare and distraction: Dash cams must not cause glare or distraction to other drivers on the road. Avoid devices with metallic coatings, mirrored surfaces, or other reflective features that could pose a hazard.

• Footage recording: Video recording in public spaces is permitted. However, ensure that recording on private property, such as customer sites or during deliveries, complies with privacy requirements and local regulations.

• Audio recording: Colorado is a one-party consent state for audio recordings. This means a driver or fleet manager can record conversations if one party involved consents. For ethical and practical reasons, fleet businesses should inform all passengers, including employees or customers, of any audio recording in the vehicle.

Connecticut

Don’t obstruct the windshield and ensure consent for audio recording

Fleet businesses in Connecticut can use dash cams to monitor vehicles and enhance safety, provided placement rules are followed:

• • Windshield mounting: Dash cams must not obstruct the driver’s view through the windshield.
    • Suitable locations include the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror, ensuring the device remains outside the driver’s direct line of sight.

• Footage recording: Video recording in public areas is permitted but when operating on private property (e.g., customer sites or delivery areas) recording must comply with property owner requirements.

• Audio recording: Connecticut has nuanced rules for audio recording:
  • For electronic communications, all-party consent is required. This means you must obtain consent from everyone involved before recording.
  • For in-person conversations, only one-party consent is needed. This allows the driver or another participant to consent to the recording.
  • While we would advise any fleet businesses to obtain consent from all parties regardless of the context, this may be especially important when operating in Connecticut given these precise rules.

Delaware

Don’t obstruct the windshield, get consent before recording audio or on private property

Dash cams are legal in Delaware, but there are three dash cam laws to get familiar with:

• Windshield mounting: You cannot obstruct the windshield with any non-transparent objects (including dash cams!). And you can’t mount any dash cam to a windshield, side wing, or side or rear window. Instead:
  • Place dash cams on the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror, ensuring they do not impede the driver’s view.
• Footage recording: It is legal to record video footage in public spaces. However:
  • Recording on private property without permission is prohibited. Always seek consent before recording in these areas.
• Audio recording: Delaware is an all-party consent state, meaning you must obtain consent from everyone in the vehicle (including employees and customers) before recording audio.
  • Fleet businesses should clearly inform passengers of audio and video recording policies. Visible signage or stickers inside vehicles can help ensure transparency and compliance.

Florida

Don’t obstruct the windshield, get consent before recording audio

In Florida, it’s legal to use dash cams, but:

• Windshield mounting: It’s illegal to drive a vehicle if something’s obstructing the view of the road – in other words, your dash cams must be mounted in a position where they don’t block the view out of the windshield.
  • Suitable locations include the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror, where the device does not block the windshield.
• Footage recording: Video recording is legal in public spaces and can be used for monitoring fleet operations and ensuring accountability. When recording on private property (e.g., delivery locations or customer sites), ensure you have permission to avoid privacy violations.

• Audio recording: Florida is an all-party consent state, meaning you must obtain consent from everyone in the vehicle (e.g., employees, contractors, or customers) before recording audio.
  • Fleet managers should prominently display stickers or notices in vehicles to inform passengers of audio and video recordings.

Georgia

Don’t obstruct the windshield

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams must not obstruct the driver’s view of the road.
  • Consequently, do not mount devices on the windshield. Instead, use the dashboard or place them behind the rearview mirror to comply with the law.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage is permitted in public spaces and can be invaluable for fleet operations. However, ensure any recording on private property complies with property owner requirements.

• Audio recording: Georgia is a one-party consent state, meaning one participant in a conversation (e.g., the driver) can legally consent to audio recording.
  • While one-party consent is sufficient, fleet businesses are encouraged to inform all passengers (employees or customers) about audio recordings for transparency.

Hawaii

Buy cams that are the right size and mount them in the right place

In Hawaii, dash cams are legal, as long as you fit them in the right place:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams must be placed in specific areas and meet size restrictions:
  • Devices can be mounted in the top or bottom corners of the windshield, as long as they do not exceed five square inches in size.
  • Alternatively, you can place dash cams in non-obstructive locations, such as on the back window or above the dashboard.
• Footage recording: Video recording in public spaces is legal and valuable for fleet operations. However, ensure compliance with privacy laws when operating on private property, such as delivery locations.

• Audio recording: Hawaii generally follows one-party consent for audio recordings. This means audio can be recorded if one party (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • If the dash cam is installed in a private area of the vehicle, such as the cabin of a commercial truck, you may need to obtain consent from all parties. To avoid disputes, always inform passengers and employees of audio recording practices.

Idaho

Don’t obstruct the windshield

Dash cams are legal in Idaho, but it’s illegal to obstruct your windshield with non-transparent objects – dash cams included! You can’t mount your dash cams on windshields, sidewings, or side or rear windows. Mount them on dashboards or behind rear view mirrors instead.

• Windshield mounting: Any non-transparent object, must not obstruct the windshield.
  • Separately, dash cams cannot be mounted on windshields, side wings, or side or rear windows.
  • Instead, install devices on the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror, ensuring they do not impede the driver’s view.
• Footage recording: Video recording in public spaces is permitted but any recording on private property must comply with the property owner’s requirements.

• Audio recording: Idaho is a one-party consent state, meaning that audio can be recorded if one party in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To maintain transparency and trust, fleet businesses should notify all passengers, including employees and customers, of audio recording practices.

Illinois

Comply with placement, all-party consent, and restrictions on recording police activity

In Illinois, using dash cams is legal, but there are three key laws to stick to:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams must adhere to placement and size restrictions:
  • Devices must be placed on the left-hand side of the vehicle dashboard.
  • They cannot obstruct more than five square inches of the windshield from view.
• Footage recording: Recording video is legal in public spaces but you need to make sure you are compliant with restrictions when recording near law enforcement:
  • Illinois imposes strict penalties for recording police activity in public without authorization. Fleet businesses must train drivers to avoid recording police interactions to prevent legal complications.
• Audio recording: Illinois is an all-party consent state, meaning you must obtain consent from everyone in the vehicle before recording audio, including employees, contractors, and customers.
  • Visible signage or notices inside fleet vehicles can help ensure occupants are informed about recording practices.

Indiana

Buy cams that are the right size and mount them in the right place

Dash cams are legal in Indiana but they must comply with certain laws:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams must be mounted in the bottom corner of the windshield on the passenger side.
  • Any mounted dash cams cannot exceed four square inches in size.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage is legal in public spaces and beneficial for fleet management. Ensure compliance when recording on private property, such as during deliveries, by seeking permission from property owners as needed.

• Audio recording: Indiana is a one-party consent state, meaning that audio recording is legal as long as one participant in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To maintain transparency, fleet businesses should inform all passengers (employees, contractors, or customers) about audio recording practices.

Iowa

Don’t obstruct the windshield

In Iowa, it’s legal to use dash cams, but there is a (pretty vague) rule regarding where you can place them:

• Windshield mounting: Iowa law prohibits driving vehicles without “clear vision” through the windshield, side wings, or side and rear windows. While the law is not specific, the safest approach is to:
  • Avoid mounting dash cams directly on the windshield in locations that may obstruct the driver’s view.
  • Instead, install dash cams on the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror, where they are less likely to block visibility.
• Footage recording: Recording video in public spaces is allowed but when operating on private property, you’ll need to obtain permission to comply with privacy requirements.

• Audio recording: Iowa is a one-party consent state, meaning you can record audio as long as one party involved in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • Again, we encourage you to notify all passengers, including employees and customers, of audio recording practices.

Kansas

Don’t obstruct the windshield

While dash cams are legal in Kansas, there’s a rule around their placement.

• Windshield mounting: Kansas law prohibits “substantially obstructing” the windshield with non-transparent objects, including dash cams. Since the term “substantial” is not clearly defined:
  • We suggest you avoid mounting dash cams on the windshield, side wings, or side and rear windows.
  • Instead, place dash cams on the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror to reduce any potential obstruction.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage in public spaces is permitted and beneficial for fleet safety and accountability, though you’ll need to meet privacy rules when recording on private property by obtaining permission as needed.

• Audio recording: Kansas is a one-party consent state, meaning audio recording is legal as long as one party involved in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • Still, we suggest fleet businesses should notify all passengers (employees, customers, or contractors) of audio recording practices to maintain transparency.

Kentucky

Don’t obstruct the windshield

It’s legal to use dash cams in Kentucky, but there is some hazy guidance around their placement.

• Windshield mounting: Kentucky law requires that dash cams do not obstruct the driver’s vision through the windshield. While that guidance on placement is not highly specific:
  • Avoid mounting dash cams directly on the windshield in areas that could block visibility.
  • Place devices on the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror to mitigate risks of obstruction.
• Footage recording: Recording in public areas of Kentucky is fine but private property requires permission from property/land owners or managers.

• Audio recording: Kentucky is a one-party consent state, meaning audio can be recorded if one party involved in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents. Again, we suggest notifying all passengers where possible, including employees and customers.

Louisiana

Don’t obstruct the windshield

In Louisiana, it’s legal to use dash cams. But there are some laws to consider around their use:

• Windshield mounting: Louisiana law prohibits obstructing the driver’s “clear view” through the windshield with non-transparent objects.
  • Do not mount dash cams on the windshield in areas that could block visibility.
  • Instead, we reckon placing devices on the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror should reduce any risk of obstruction and keep you within the law.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage in public areas is allowed but on private property, you must seek permission from property owners as needed.

• Audio recording: Louisiana is a one-party consent state, meaning audio recording is legal if one party involved in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • While not a legal requirement, we suggest you notify all passengers, including employees and customers, about audio recording practices in aid of transparency.

Maine

Don’t obstruct the windshield

Dash cams are very much legal in Maine. But you’ll need to be careful where you place them:

• Windshield mounting: Regulations prohibit positioning dash cams where they obstruct a driver’s clear view of the road through the windshield, sidewings, or side/rear windows.
  • To stay compliant, mount dash cams on the dashboard or securely behind the rearview mirror, keeping the windshield area clear.
  • If your fleet includes commercial trucks, the “required equipment” exemption might apply, allowing dash cams in otherwise restricted locations. Reach out to local law enforcement or the Maine Bureau of Motor Vehicles to confirm eligibility.
• Footage recording: Video recording is allowed in public spaces, making it an excellent tool for monitoring and accountability in fleet operations. However, respect privacy laws when recording on private property by securing permission from property owners.

• Audio recording: As a one-party consent state, Maine allows audio to be recorded as long as one participant (e.g., the driver) agrees to it.
  • Even though it’s not required, notifying all passengers—including employees and clients—about audio recording is a good practice to avoid misunderstandings.

Maryland

Mount your dash cams in the right place, get consent before recording audio

In Maryland, it’s legal to use dash cams as long as you follow a couple of rules, including some very specific guidance around where you can put your dash cams:

• Windshield Mounting: Dash cams must adhere to Maryland’s strict positioning guidelines:
  • Install them above the AS-1 line on the windshield or within five inches of the top of the windshield. This way, they stay high enough to avoid blocking visibility.
  • Alternatively, dash cams can be placed in the lower corner of the windshield, provided they fit within a seven-inch square.
  • Any placement outside these guidelines risks non-compliance, so measure carefully and double-check positioning before installing devices.
• Footage recording: Capturing video footage in public spaces is perfectly legal and a valuable tool for fleet safety. However, always be mindful of privacy laws when operating on private property and seek permission when necessary.

• Audio recording: Maryland is an all-party consent state, meaning every individual in the vehicle—drivers, employees, and passengers—must agree to being recorded.
  • Fleet businesses must prominently display stickers or signage inside vehicles to alert occupants to audio and video recording devices. Written consent in employment agreements or service terms can provide added legal protection.

Massachusetts

Don’t obstruct the windshield, get consent before recording audio or on private property

Dash cams are legal in Massachusetts, but there are laws to be aware of:

• Windshield mounting: Massachusetts law prohibits placing non-transparent objects on the windshield, which means dash cams cannot obstruct the driver’s view.
  • Mount your dash cams on the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror to ensure clear visibility.
  • Alternatively, dash cams can be mounted on side windows as long as they don’t reflect more than 35% of visible light. This regulation can be tricky to measure visually, so it’s a good idea to consult local law enforcement to confirm whether your equipment complies with this rule.
• Footage recording: Recording events in public spaces is allowed, but recording on private property without permission is prohibited.
  • Always obtain consent before recording footage on private property, such as customer sites or delivery locations.
• Audio recording: Massachusetts is an all-party consent state, meaning you must get consent from everyone in the vehicle (including employees and customers) before recording audio.
  • To stay in compliance, fleet businesses should notify all vehicle occupants of the audio and video recording policy. Clear signage or stickers can help keep everyone informed.

Michigan

Don’t obstruct the windshield (unless your vehicles are exempt), get consent before recording audio

In Michigan, dash cams are legal, but:

• Windshield mounting: In most vehicles, dash cams cannot be mounted on the windshield in Michigan, as this could obstruct the driver’s view.
  • For standard vehicles, install dash cams on the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror to comply with the law.
  • However, if you manage a fleet of buses, truck tractors, or trucks weighing over 10,000 pounds (or carrying hazardous materials), this restriction does not apply. You can place dash cams wherever it best suits your needs.
• Footage recording: Recording public spaces is perfectly legal and useful for fleet operations. However, ensure compliance with privacy laws when recording on private property by seeking consent or permission from property owners.

• Audio recording: Michigan is an all-party consent state, which means you must obtain explicit permission from everyone in the vehicle before recording audio.
  • To streamline this process, use clear signage in vehicles and include consent clauses in employment and service agreements to inform employees and passengers about audio recording policies.

Minnesota

Mount your dash cams in the right place

Dash cams are legal in Minnesota, but you don’t have much choice over where you can mount them:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams can only be installed in a specific location relative to the rearview mirror:
  • Mount your device directly behind, slightly above, or slightly below the rearview mirror.
  • Any other placement, including on the dashboard or other parts of the windshield which are usually allowed in other states, is prohibited and considered non-compliant.
• Footage recording: Recording in public areas is allowed and can be a valuable tool for monitoring fleet safety and accountability. When operating on private property, always get permission before recording.

• Audio recording: Minnesota follows one-party consent laws, allowing audio recording if one party in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • For transparency and trust, it’s best to inform all passengers, including employees or customers, about audio recording policies.

Mississippi

Don’t obstruct the windshield

In Mississippi, it’s legal to use dash cams, but:

• Windshield mounting: Mississippi law prohibits mounting dash cams on the windshield if they obstruct the driver’s view.
  • The safest choice is to place dash cams on the dashboard, where they remain unobtrusive but effective.
  • Avoid attaching devices to side windows or other areas that might hinder visibility.
• Footage recording: Capturing video footage in public spaces is perfectly legal and a useful tool for monitoring fleet activity. However, be cautious when recording on private property and make sure proper permissions are in place.

• Audio recording: Mississippi is a one-party consent state, meaning that audio recording is legal as long as one participant (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To build transparency and trust, inform all vehicle occupants—employees or passengers—about audio recording practices.

Missouri

Freedom of placement with safety in mind

Dash cams are legal in Missouri – in fact, it’s something of a rare beast: a state in which there are no laws to regulate dash cam placement or usage.

We’d still recommend mounting them in spots where they’ll block as little of your drivers’ views as possible. Try mounting them on dashboards, or behind rearview mirrors, for safely unobstructed driving.

• Footage recording: Video recording in public spaces is fully permitted and an excellent tool for fleet monitoring and accountability, but like other states, be mindful of privacy laws when operating on private property.

• Audio recording: Missouri follows one-party consent laws, which means that audio recording is legal if one participant in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • While not required by law, notifying passengers about audio recording can help build trust and transparency in your operations.

Montana

Don’t obstruct the windshield, get consent before recording audio or on private property

It’s legal to use dash cams in Montana, but there are rules to comply with:

• Windshield mounting: Montana law requires windshields to remain completely unobstructed.
  • Dash cams cannot be mounted on the windshield, even if the devices are transparent.
  • The dashboard is the safest and most compliant place to install dash cams in Montana.
• Footage recording: Video recording is allowed in public spaces, making dash cams a valuable asset for monitoring fleet activity. However:
  • You may not record on private property without permission. Always obtain consent before capturing footage on delivery sites, customer premises, or similar locations.
• Audio recording: Montana permits audio recording without consent, provided it is not done covertly.
  • While covert recording is illegal, it’s still good practice for fleet businesses to notify all vehicle occupants about recording. Clear signage or stickers in vehicles can help maintain transparency and build trust.

Nebraska

Don’t obstruct the windshield, get consent before recording audio

Dash cams are legal in Nebraska, but:

• Windshield mounting: Nebraska prohibits mounting dash cams on windshields where they might block the driver’s view.
  • The safest place to install dash cams in Nebraska is on the dashboard, where they remain effective without impairing visibility.
• Footage recording: Recording video in public areas is allowed but on private property you’ll need the land owner/manager’s permission when recording in such spaces.

• Audio recording: Nebraska is an all-party consent state, requiring the approval of everyone in the vehicle before audio can be recorded.
  • Inform all employees, customers, and passengers about your recording policies. Clear signage in vehicles is a great way to keep everyone informed and avoid misunderstandings.

Nevada

Mount your dash cams in the right place, get consent for audio recordings

In Nevada, it’s legal to use dash cams, but only if you install them in a specific spot to not obstruct the driver’s view:

• Windshield mounting: Nevada law limits where dash cams to mounting them in the bottom corner of the windshield on the passenger side to comply with visibility rules.
  • Alternatively, dash cams can be securely placed on the dashboard, which is often the more flexible and safer option for fleet vehicles.
• Footage recording: Video recording is permitted in public spaces and can be a vital resource for fleet monitoring. However, always follow privacy laws and obtain proper permissions when recording on private property.

• Audio recording: Nevada is an all-party consent state, which means that everyone in the vehicle must agree to being recorded before audio can be captured.
  • Notify passengers and employees with visible signage or stickers in vehicles. Consider adding consent policies to employment and service agreements.

New Hampshire

Don’t obstruct the windshield, get consent before recording audio

Dash cams are legal in New Hampshire, but there are a couple of regulations to know:

• Windshield mounting: Mounting dash cams on the front windshield is prohibited in New Hampshire, making the dashboard the safest and most compliant option for installation.
  • Rear-view and interior-facing cameras are permitted and can be useful for monitoring drivers or passengers.
  • Additionally, the dash cam’s screen must be visible to the driver to meet New Hampshire’s regulations.
• Footage recording: Recording in public areas is fully legal and can be a valuable asset for fleet operations. However, when on private property, ensure you have the property owner’s permission to record.

• Audio recording: New Hampshire is an all-party consent state, requiring that everyone in the vehicle consents to audio recording.
  • While misdemeanors apply in some cases of non-consensual recording (e.g., if the driver is part of the conversation), it’s far safer and more professional to seek explicit consent for each trip.
  • Displaying clear signage or stickers in your vehicles can simplify compliance by informing all passengers upfront.

New Jersey

Don’t obstruct the windshield

It’s legal to use dash cams in New Jersey, but they must be installed in the right place. It’s illegal for any non-transparent object to be mounted on the windshield or on the driver or passenger side window. In New Jersey, the safest place to mount your dash cams is near the windshield, on the dashboard on the passenger side.

New Mexico

Don’t obstruct the windshield or other windows

Dash cams are legal in New Mexico, but you must think carefully about where you install them.

• Windshield mounting: New Mexico prohibits mounting non-transparent objects on the windshield, as well as on driver and passenger side windows or the rear window if it’s used for visibility while driving.
  • For the best compliance and functionality, place dash cams on the dashboard, ensuring they remain secure and do not impede the driver’s view.
• Footage recording: Video recording is allowed in public spaces and is a valuable resource for fleet operations. However, any recording on private property must comply with privacy laws, so always seek permission.

• Audio recording: New Mexico is a one-party consent state, meaning audio recording is permitted as long as one party involved in the conversation (e.g., the driver) agrees.
  • Even though the law only requires one-party consent, it’s good practice to inform all passengers—employees and customers alike—about recording policies. Clear signage in vehicles can simplify this process and foster trust.

New York

Don’t obstruct the windshield

It’s legal to use dash cams in New York – in fact, the state actively encourages all drivers to do so. That said, proper installation is essential to comply with the law.

• Windshield mounting: Obstructing the windshield with a dash cam is illegal in New York, making thoughtful placement a must.
  • The dashboard is the most practical and compliant option for mounting dash cams, ensuring they remain effective without hindering visibility.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage in public spaces is fully permitted and can be an invaluable resource for monitoring fleet vehicles. However, always respect privacy laws when recording on private property.

• Audio recording: New York is a one-party consent state, meaning that audio can be recorded as long as one party involved in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • While not required, we recommend proactively informing passengers about recording practices through signage or clear policies.

North Carolina

No placement regulations, but go safety first

Like Missouri, North Carolina goes against the grain: dash cams are legal, but it has no laws to regulate their placement or usage.

Still, it’s best to avoid placing dash cams directly in the driver’s line of sight or elsewhere, like the dashboard or behind the rearview mirror, keeping them unobtrusive yet effective.

• Footage recording: Video recording in public spaces is perfectly legal and a great tool for fleet operations. However, always respect privacy laws by securing permission before recording on private property, such as delivery sites or customer premises.

• Audio recording: North Carolina is a one-party consent state, meaning audio recording is allowed as long as one participant (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To maintain transparency and trust, notify all passengers about audio recording, even though consent from all parties isn’t legally required. Signage can help ensure everyone is aware.

North Dakota

Don’t obstruct the windshield

In North Dakota, it’s legal to use dash cams, as long as you install them in a safe place.

• Windshield mounting: North Dakota law prohibits mounting any objects, including dash cams, on the windshield if they obstruct the driver’s view.
  • The dashboard is the best option for installing dash cams in this state, as it ensures a clear windshield and compliance with the law.
• Footage recording: Video recording in public spaces is fully allowed and can provide valuable insights for fleet operations. However, when operating on private property, always secure permission before recording to avoid potential privacy issues.

• Audio recording: North Dakota is a one-party consent state, meaning that as long as one party (e.g., the driver) consents, audio recording is permitted.
  • To maintain professionalism and transparency, it’s advisable to notify all passengers, including employees and customers, of your recording practices. Signage in vehicles can make this process seamless.

Ohio

Don’t obstruct the windshield

Dash cams are legal in Ohio, but there are restrictions on their use:

• Windshield mounting: Mounting dash cams on the windshield is prohibited in Ohio, as it can obstruct the driver’s view.
  • The dashboard is an ideal location for your dash cams, ensuring compliance while keeping them functional.
  • Alternatively, you can mount them elsewhere in the vehicle, as long as they don’t obscure any part of the windshield.
• Footage recording: Both video and audio recording in the cab are legal under Ohio law, provided the dash cam itself doesn’t interfere with visibility through the windshield. Recording in public areas is fully permitted, but ensure proper permissions are obtained when recording on private property.

• Audio recording: Ohio is a one-party consent state, allowing audio recording as long as one party involved (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To promote transparency and avoid misunderstandings, notify all passengers—employees or customers—of audio recording policies through signage or verbal communication.

Oklahoma

Don’t obstruct the windshield

In Oklahoma, it’s legal to use dash cams as long as they meet certain requirements:

• Windshield mounting: Dash cams cannot be mounted on the driver’s windshield, as this could obstruct visibility and violate Oklahoma’s regulations.
  • The dashboard is the safest and most compliant place to install dash cams, ensuring they don’t interfere with the driver’s view.
  • Double-check that the placement doesn’t obscure any portion of the windshield, even at the edges.
• Footage recording: Video recording in public spaces is fully legal but when recording on private property, always seek permission to respect privacy laws.

• Audio recording: Oklahoma is a one-party consent state, which means audio can be recorded as long as one party in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • We suggest fleet businesses should still notify passengers about recording policies for transparency. Use clear signage in vehicles to communicate this effectively.

Oregon

Don’t obstruct the windshield, get consent before recording audio

Dash cams are legal in Oregon, but there are a couple of rules to be aware of:

• Windshield mounting: Oregon law prohibits “any material that prevents or impairs the ability to see into or out of the vehicle”. Therefore, you can’t put dash cams on windshields or windows due to these restrictions.
  • The dashboard is the recommended location for mounting dash cams, since they are secure and do not interfere with visibility or violate regulations.
• Footage recording: Video recording in public areas is allowed and a valuable resource for fleet monitoring and accountability. When operating on private property, make sure to secure permission to respect privacy laws and avoid disputes.

• Audio recording: Oregon is an all-party consent state, meaning you must obtain explicit consent from everyone in the vehicle before recording any audio.
  • To simplify compliance, notify all occupants—employees and customers—about recording policies with clear signage in vehicles and by including consent clauses in agreements.

Pennsylvania

Don’t obstruct the windshield, don’t use distracting screens, get consent before recording audio

It’s legal for your business to use dash cams in Pennsylvania, but there are laws to get familiar with:

• Windshield mounting: Pennsylvania law prohibits mounting dash cams on windows or windshields, as these placements can obstruct visibility.
  • The dashboard is the ideal spot for mounting dash cams, keeping them secure while adhering to state regulations.
• Distraction-free devices: Dash cam screens must not distract drivers.
  • Opt for devices that either lack screens entirely or allow the screen to be turned off or put into sleep mode while driving so you can stay compliant on this front.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage in public spaces is legal and highly beneficial for fleet management. When operating on private property, always seek permission before recording to avoid potential privacy violations.

• Audio recording: Pennsylvania is an all-party consent state, meaning you must obtain consent from every individual in the vehicle before recording audio.
  • Clearly communicate recording practices through signage in vehicles, and include consent clauses in employment and service agreements for full transparency.

Rhode Island

Don’t obstruct the windshield

In Rhode Island, it’s legal to use dash cams but you need to place them correctly:

• Windshield mounting: Rhode Island law prohibits mounting any objects, including dash cams, on windshields, as they must remain clear of obstructions.
  • The dashboard is the recommended location for installing dash cams, keeping them functional while ensuring compliance with the law.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage in public areas is perfectly legal but always secure permission when recording on private property to avoid potential legal issues.

• Audio recording: Rhode Island follows one-party consent laws, meaning audio recording is permitted as long as one party (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To maintain transparency and build trust, notify all vehicle occupants about your recording practices. Signage or verbal communication can help ensure everyone is informed.

South Carolina

Don’t obstruct the windshield

Dash cams are legal in South Carolina, but they must comply with certain laws:

• Windshield mounting: South Carolina prohibits mounting dash cams on windshields or windows to ensure drivers have an unobstructed view.
  • The dashboard is the most practical and compliant location for dash cams, ensuring they don’t interfere with visibility.
  • Drivers should be able to see out of all windows “without straining,” so confirm that your dash cam placement does not create any visual hindrances.
• Footage recording: Recording video in public spaces is allowed and provides valuable insights for fleet operations. However, ensure compliance with privacy laws by obtaining permission when recording on private property.

• Audio recording: South Carolina is a one-party consent state, meaning audio recording is allowed if one participant (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • For best practices, notify all passengers—including employees or customers—of audio recording through signage or direct communication.

South Dakota

Don’t obstruct the windshield or other windows, get consent before recording audio

Dash cams are fully legal in South Dakota, but fleet businesses need to be mindful of strict placement rules and consent requirements to ensure compliance.

• Windshield mounting: South Dakota law prohibits mounting dash cams on the front windshield, side wings, or side/rear windows, as these can obstruct visibility.
  • The dashboard is the best location for dash cams in South Dakota, offering a compliant and effective setup.
• Footage recording: Recording video in public spaces is permitted and can enhance fleet safety and accountability. Be cautious when recording on private property and always secure permission to respect privacy laws.

• Audio recording: South Dakota is an all-party consent state, meaning you must obtain consent from everyone in the vehicle before recording audio.
  • Clearly communicate your audio recording practices to passengers and employees. Use visible signage in vehicles or include consent policies in employment and service agreements for added transparency.

Tennessee

Don’t obstruct the windshield

Dash cams are legal in Tennessee, but you’ll need to comply with certain regulations.

• Windshield mounting: Mounting dash cams on the windshield is prohibited in Tennessee, as it’s illegal to obstruct the driver’s view.
  • The dashboard is the best spot for dash cam installation, keeping them effective while ensuring compliance and clear visibility.
• Footage recording: Video recording in public spaces is fully allowed but not on private property where you’ll need to seek permission to respect privacy laws and avoid disputes.

• Audio recording: Tennessee follows one-party consent laws, meaning audio recording is allowed as long as one party in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • For best practices, we suggest notifying all passengers about recording policies through signage or direct communication.

Texas

Don’t obstruct the windshield or other windows, don’t impede the airbags

It’s legal to use dash cams in Texas, as long as they’re installed in the right place:

• Windshield mounting: Texas law prohibits driving a vehicle “that has an object or material that is placed on or attached to the windshield or side or rear window and that obstructs or reduces the operator’s clear view.”
  • Instead, we’d say the dashboard is the best location for dash cams in Texas, ensuring they stay out of the driver’s line of sight while remaining functional.
  • Additionally, dash cams must not impede airbags or interfere with their deployment zones for safety compliance.
• Footage recording: Recording video in public spaces is fully permitted and an excellent resource for fleet monitoring. Be sure to obtain permission when recording on private property, such as delivery sites or customer premises.

• Audio recording: Texas is a one-party consent state, which means that audio can be recorded as long as one party involved in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To promote transparency and professionalism, notify passengers about recording practices through signage or written policies.

Utah

Buy devices that are the right size, and mount them in the right place

In Utah, dash cams are legal… depending on where you install them.

• Windshield mounting: Utah permits dash cams to be mounted on the windshield, but there are strict size and location requirements:
  • Dash cams can be installed along the top of the windshield, but they must not extend more than four inches downward.
  • Alternatively, they can be mounted in the driver’s side corner, as long as the device doesn’t exceed four inches in size.
  • Dash cams can also be safely installed on the dashboard or rear window, offering additional placement options for fleet vehicles.
• Footage recording: Video recording is fully legal in public areas and is an excellent tool for monitoring fleet activity. When operating on private property, ensure permission is obtained to comply with privacy laws.

• Audio recording: Utah is a one-party consent state, meaning that audio recording is allowed if one party in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To maintain transparency and trust, notify all passengers about recording practices through in-vehicle signage or clear communication.

Vermont

Buy devices that are the right size, and mount them in the right place

• Windshield mounting: Utah permits dash cams to be mounted on the windshield, but there are strict size and location requirements:
  • Dash cams can be installed along the top of the windshield, but they must not extend more than four inches downward.
  • Alternatively, they can be mounted in the driver’s side corner, as long as the device doesn’t exceed four inches in size.
  • Dash cams can also be safely installed on the dashboard or rear window, offering additional placement options for fleet vehicles.
• Footage recording: Video recording is fully legal in public areas and is an excellent tool for monitoring fleet activity. When operating on private property, ensure permission is obtained to comply with privacy laws.

• Audio recording: Utah is a one-party consent state, meaning that audio recording is allowed if one party in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To maintain transparency and trust, notify all passengers about recording practices through in-vehicle signage or clear communication.

Virginia

Don’t obstruct the windshield or rear window

• Windshield and rear window mounting: Virginia prohibits mounting dash cams on front windshields or rear windows to avoid obstructing the driver’s view.
  • The dashboard is the ideal location for dash cams, provided they are positioned securely and do not impede visibility.
• Footage recording: Recording video in public spaces is fully permitted and can help improve fleet safety and monitoring. When recording on private property, always ensure you have the property owner’s consent to comply with privacy laws.

• Audio recording: Virginia follows one-party consent laws, meaning audio recording is legal as long as one party involved in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • To promote transparency, notify passengers about audio and video recording practices through in-vehicle signage or agreements.

Washington

Don’t obstruct the windshield, get consent before recording audio

It’s legal to use dash cams in Washington, but there are a couple of laws to get familiar with:

• Windshield mounting: Washington law prohibits mounting dash cams on the windshield, as they can obstruct the driver’s view of the road.
  • The dashboard is the recommended location for dash cams, keeping them secure and compliant while ensuring a clear field of vision for drivers.
• Footage recording: Recording video in public areas is fully permitted and a valuable tool for fleet operations. However, when recording on private property, ensure you have the property owner’s consent to avoid any legal disputes.

• Audio recording: Washington is an all-party consent state, meaning you must obtain consent from everyone in the vehicle before recording audio.
  • Notify passengers, including employees and customers, about audio and video recording practices using signage in vehicles or by including consent policies in employment and service agreements.

West Virginia

Don’t obstruct the windshield

Dash cams are legal in West Virginia, but state laws prohibit placing any non-transparent objects on the front windshield:

• Windshield mounting: Mounting dash cams on windshields is not allowed in West Virginia, as it obstructs the driver’s view.
  • The dashboard is the best place for dash cams, ensuring they remain effective while staying out of the driver’s direct line of sight.
• Footage recording: Recording video footage in public areas is fully permitted and a valuable tool for fleet monitoring. However, be cautious when recording on private property and ensure you have the property owner’s consent to avoid any privacy concerns.

• Audio recording: West Virginia is a one-party consent state, meaning that audio can be recorded if one party involved in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • For transparency, notify all passengers—employees, contractors, and customers—about recording practices using signage or direct communication.

Wisconsin

Mount your dash cams in the right place

In Wisconsin, it’s legal to use dash cams, but you’ve got to be careful about where you install them:

• Windshield mounting: Wisconsin law prohibits mounting dash cams on the windshield, except behind the rearview mirror. Even in this case, the dash cam must remain outside the sweep of the windshield wipers.
  • To avoid potential violations, consider mounting dash cams on the dashboard, a safer and fully compliant option.
• Footage recording: Recording video in public spaces is legal and a great tool for monitoring fleet vehicles. Always secure permission to avoid breaching privacy laws when operating on private property, however.

• Audio recording: Wisconsin is a one-party consent state, meaning that audio recording is legal as long as one participant in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • As with other states, we recommend informing passengers about recording practices, even if not required, as a good way to foster trust. Signage or verbal notification can help.

Wyoming

Don’t obstruct the windshield

Wyoming permits the use of dash cams, but state law requires that drivers maintain a clear view of the road:

• Windshield mounting: It is illegal to mount dash cams on windshields in Wyoming, as they could obstruct the driver’s view.
  • The dashboard is the ideal location for dash cams, keeping them functional and compliant while staying out of the driver’s line of sight.
• Footage recording: Recording video in public spaces is fully allowed and can provide valuable insights for fleet monitoring. When recording on private property, ensure you obtain permission to respect privacy laws.

• Audio recording: Wyoming is a one-party consent state, meaning that audio can be recorded if one party in the conversation (e.g., the driver) consents.
  • Notifying passengers about audio recording policies is a best practice for maintaining transparency and professionalism, even if it is legal to not do so.

Dash Cam Laws: What Else You Need To Know

Tampering and evidence preservation of footage

For US businesses utilizing dash cams, the preservation and handling of recorded footage are critical for ensuring compliance with legal standards. Dash cam footage can be a vital asset for resolving disputes, managing claims, and demonstrating accountability. However, improper handling, tampering, or failure to preserve evidence can lead to severe legal consequences. You’ll need to consider a few areas in this regard.

• Obstruction of justice: Deliberately altering or destroying dash cam footage relevant to an ongoing investigation or legal proceeding is considered obstruction of justice, a federal crime punishable by fines and imprisonment.
• Spoiling evidence: In civil cases, deleting or failing to preserve evidence (even unintentionally) can lead to legal consequences, including adverse inferences drawn against the business in court. For example, a court may instruct the jury to assume the missing footage was unfavorable to the business.
• State-specific penalties: While all states criminalize evidence tampering, penalties vary. Some states impose additional requirements for businesses, such as longer retention periods for commercial vehicles or harsher penalties for willful tampering.
• Regulatory compliance: Industries such as trucking and logistics often face federal oversight through the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) or similar agencies.They typically have specific regulations for preserving safety-related recordings, with the FMSCA, for instance, handing out significant penalties depending on the gravity and frequency of the breach. Your trucking company could face anything from a small fine to suspension, loss of operating license and criminal charges if the violation led to serious injury or death.

Admissibility in court

Dash cam footage is often admissible in court and can play a pivotal role in legal proceedings. For instance, if you or your fleet team get into an incident on the road. To ensure the footage is accepted as credible evidence:

1. Time-stamping and metadata integrity
   Ensure dash cams generate recordings with accurate timestamps and metadata (e.g., location and speed data). These details verify the footage’s authenticity.
2. Chain of custody
   Maintain a clear record of how the footage has been handled, stored, and shared. This ensures the evidence has not been altered or tampered with.
3. Tamper-proof systems
   Use dash cams with built-in security features such as encryption and tamper detection to protect the footage from unauthorized modifications.
4. Relevance to case
   Footage must directly relate to the matter at hand. Courts may reject recordings deemed irrelevant, overly prejudicial, or crucially for fleet recording purposes, obtained unlawfully (e.g., without required consent in all-party consent states).

Summary: Dash Cam Laws Across the US

When working out what’s legal and what isn’t in your state, you can cover all bases by asking the following questions:

1. Where am I allowed to mount my dash cams?
2. What size do my dash cams need to be?
3. Is it legal to record audio without the consent of every person present?
4. Is it legal to record footage on private property?

You’ll find that every state bar two (Missouri and North Carolina, to be precise) has some kind of law that dictates where you can mount your dash cams. It’s just a case of clarifying whether or not you’re allowed to mount them on your vehicles’ windshields.

If you are, it’s likely there’ll be restrictions in place that dictate the size and exact placement of your cams, aiming to make sure your dash cams don’t impede your drivers’ view of the road too obtrusively. If you aren’t, you should look into getting dash cams that can be mounted on your dashboards, as they come with different fixings. Customer reviews and our own guide to the best dash cams for fleets should help you find the right model for your team.

Finally, you need to be aware of whether or not your business operates in an all-party consent state. If so, you’ll need to get consent from all the people in each vehicle before enabling your dash cams to record audio. It’s probably easier just to disable your audio recording function!